The use of methanol is one of several alternative fuel pathways that are being promoted as a route to compliance with the IMO zero-carbon strategy, which aims for shipping to reach net zero by or around 2050.

According to the Methanol Institute, there are no obstacles to using methanol in most ships. Converting Diesel engines is technically feasible, and given proper handling, the fuel is safe. Compared with heavy fuel oil, methanol can reduce emissions of SOx by 99%, NOx by up to 80%, and particulate matter by 95%.

Methanol can be produced in a variety of ways; typically using natural gas, but if renewable feedstocks such as agricultural, industrial or municipal waste can be used, in conjunction with renewable electricity and captured CO2, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be virtually eliminated on a well-to- wake basis. It is simpler to store, bunker and transfer than many other alternative fuels. On the other hand, its corrosiveness, toxicity and low flashpoint means additional safety provisions are needed, and because of its lower energy density, larger storage tanks are needed than for conventional marine fuels.